https://repositorio.ufma.br/jspui/handle/123456789/866 2026-03-03T16:39:31Z https://repositorio.ufma.br/jspui/handle/123456789/933 Título: Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Imperatriz, State of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil Autor(es): PENIDO, Alexandre Batista; MORAIS, Selene Maia de; RIBEIRO, Alan Bezerra; SILVA, Ana Zélia Resumo: The study of medicinal plants reveals locally important plant species often useful for the discovery of new drugs. The objective of this research was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the population of the Imperatriz city, State of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. Two hundred and five interviews were conducted, resulting in the collection of 60 plant species from 31 plant families. The highest number of species belongs to Fabaceae, followed by Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae. The most reported species were Chenopodium ambrosioides, Myracrodruon urundeuva, Lippia alba, and Plectranthus barbatus. The main plant parts used were leaves (63.3%), bark (16.7%), fruits (6.7%), roots (6.7%), seeds (3.3), stems (1.7%) and latex (1.7%). Major administration routes were by oral (81.7%) or nasal via (1.6%) and topical application (16.7%) The plants were used to mitigate various health problems including pain, asthma, hypertension, gastritis, inflammation, influenza, and tuberculosis. The collected data shows that local population uses medicinal plants for treatment of several diseases and this study can serve as a basis for future chemical and pharmacological investigation, which can lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents.; RESUMO: O estudo de plantas medicinais são em geral significativos em revelar espécies de plantas localmente importantes, principalmente para a descoberta de fármacos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um levantamento etnobotânico das plantas medicinais utilizadas pela população da cidade de Imperatriz no estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil. 205 entrevistas foram realizadas resultando na coleção de 60 espécies de 31 famílias de plantas. Fabaceae teve o maior número de espécies, seguido por Lamiaceae, Asteraceae e Euphorbiaceae. As espécies mais utilizadas foram Chenopodium ambrosioides, Myracrodruon urundeuva, Lippia alba e Plectranthus barbatus. As principais partes foram as folhas (63,3%), cascas (16,7%), frutos (6,7%), raízes (6,7%), sementes (3,3%), caule (1,7%) e látex (1,7%). As vias de administração mais frequentes foram oral (81,7%), tópica (16,7%) e nasal (1,6%). As plantas são utilizadas para diversos problemas de saúde como dores em geral, asma, hipertensão, gastrite, inflamação, gripe e tuberculose. Os dados mostram que população local utiliza plantas medicinais para tratamento de várias doenças e este estudo pode servir de base para estudos químicos e farmacológicos futuros que levem ao descobrimento de novos agentes terapêuticos. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufma.br/jspui/handle/123456789/913 Título: Bone Cement: A Review Autor(es): AQUINO, Lídia Raquel C.; MACÊDO, Ana Angélica M.; SOMBRA, Antônio S. B.; SILVA, Cleber Candido da Resumo: The biomaterials are therefore substances or combination of substances (except drugs) originated from nature or manufactured. accepted on a provisional or permanent basis to improve, augment or replace tissues consolidated in the Consensus Conference on Biomaterials for c mixing two or more components, with the purpose of filling the space between the prosthesis and the bone, ac prosthesis. The use of bone cement began from the decade 60, where their constituents, to the present day, have high biocompatibility with tissue from the living body with and among the various types of bone cements studied, there i which results from the mixing of a polymer (PMMA) powder and a liquid monomer with varying proportions according to the producer.Other elements can be still added, such as antibiotics, to reduce the possibility of the cement during surgery. Thus, several studies have been conducted to improve the properties andfind new odontologicals cements. 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufma.br/jspui/handle/123456789/911 Título: Canola Cake as a Potential Substrate for Proteolytic Enzymes Production by a Selected Strain of Aspergillus oryzae: Selection of Process Conditions and Product Characterization Autor(es): FREITAS, Adriana Crispim de; CASTRO, Ruann J. S.; FONTENELE, Maria Alves; EGITO, Antonio S.; FARINAS, Cristiane S.; PINTO, Gustavo A. S. Resumo: Oil cakes have excellent nutritional value and offer considerable potential for use in biotechnological processes that employ solid-state fermentation (SSF) for the production of high value products. This work evaluates the feasibility of using canola cake as a substrate for protease production by a selected strain of Aspergillus oryzae cultivated under SSF. The influences of the following process parameters were considered: initial substrate moisture content, incubation temperature, inoculum size, and pH of the buffer used for protease extraction and activity analysis. Maximum protease activity was obtained after cultivating Aspergillus oryzae CCBP 001 at 20°C, using an inoculum size of 107 spores/g in canola cake medium moistened with 40 mL of water to 100 g of cake. Cultivation and extraction under selected conditions increased protease activity 5.8-fold, compared to the initial conditions. Zymogram analysis of the enzymatic extract showed that the protease molecular weights varied between 31 and 200 kDa. The concentrated protease extract induced clotting of casein in 5 min. The results demonstrate the potential application of canola cake for protease production under SSF and contribute to the technological advances needed to increase the efficiency of processes designed to add value to agroindustrial wastes. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufma.br/jspui/handle/123456789/910 Título: Classification of breast tissue in mammograms using efficient coding Autor(es): COSTA, Daniel Duarte; CAMPOS, Lúcio F.; BARROS, Allan Kardec Duailibe Resumo: Background Female breast cancer is the major cause of death by cancer in western countries. Efforts in Computer Vision have been made in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy by radiologists. Some methods of lesion diagnosis in mammogram images were developed based in the technique of principal component analysis which has been used in efficient coding of signals and 2D Gabor wavelets used for computer vision applications and modeling biological vision. Methods In this work, we present a methodology that uses efficient coding along with linear discriminant analysis to distinguish between mass and non-mass from 5090 region of interest from mammograms. Results The results show that the best rates of success reached with Gabor wavelets and principal component analysis were 85.28% and 87.28%, respectively. In comparison, the model of efficient coding presented here reached up to 90.07%. Conclusions Altogether, the results presented demonstrate that independent component analysis performed successfully the efficient coding in order to discriminate mass from non-mass tissues. In addition, we have observed that LDA with ICA bases showed high predictive performance for some datasets and thus provide significant support for a more detailed clinical investigation. 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z